Breast cancer

If you’re affected by early or locally advanced breast cancer, you may have many questions about how it is diagnosed, treatment options, side effects and how to stay well. You can find trustworthy information about all aspects of your experience below.

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What is breast cancer?

Breast cancer is the abnormal growth of cells in the breast. Get an overview of breast cancer, what causes it and who gets it.

Symptoms

Learn about the common symptoms of breast cancer and when to see your doctor.

Getting diagnosed

Find out about tests for breast cancer, how breast cancer is diagnosed and staged, and who will provide your care.

Treating breast cancer

Treatment for breast cancer depends on the features of the cancer. Options may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy.

Managing side effects

Find out about the possible impacts of breast cancer treatments and how to manage side effects such as lymphoedema, hair loss, brain fog and menopause.

Life after treatment

Learn about follow-up care, what happens if the cancer returns, and how to look after your physical and mental health.

Questions for your doctor Asking your doctor questions will help you make informed decisions. Here’s a list of questions you may want to ask.

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Diagnosis

What type of breast cancer do I have?
Has the cancer spread? If so, where has it spread? How fast is it growing?
Are the latest tests and treatments for this cancer available in this hospital?
Will a multidisciplinary team be involved in my care? Will I see a breast care nurse?
Are there clinical guidelines for this type of cancer?

Treatment

What treatment do you recommend? What is the aim of the treatment?
Are there other treatment choices for me? If not, why not?
If I don’t have the treatment, what should I expect?
How long do I have to make a decision?
I’m thinking of getting a second opinion. Can you recommend anyone?
How long will treatment take? Will I have to stay in hospital?
How much will treatment cost? Are there any out-of-pocket expenses not covered by Medicare or my private health cover? Can the cost be reduced if I can’t afford it?
How will we know if the treatment is working?
Are there any clinical trials or research studies I could join?

Side effects and after treatment

What are the risks and possible side effects of each treatment? How will they be managed?
Can I work, drive and do my normal activities while having treatment?
Will the treatment affect my sex life and fertility?
Should I change my diet or physical activity during or after treatment?
Are there any complementary therapies that might help me?
How often will I need check-ups after treatment?
If the cancer returns, how will I know? What treatments could I have?

This section covers early and locally advanced breast cancer. If you’re affected by advanced breast cancer, see our general information on advanced cancer, call Cancer Council 13 11 20, or visit Breast Cancer Network Australia or Cancer Australia.

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